Probiotics

WP_Query Object
(
    [query] => Array
        (
            [post_type] => publication
            [posts_per_page] => 5
            [type] => 
            [area] => 
            [committee] => Probiotics
            [authors] => 
            [showtitle] => 
            [meta_query] => Array
                (
                    [relation] => AND
                )

            [tax_query] => Array
                (
                    [0] => Array
                        (
                            [taxonomy] => ilsi_committee
                            [field] => name
                            [terms] => Probiotics
                        )

                )

            [paged] => 1
            [meta_key] => _ilsi_date
            [orderby] => meta_value
            [order] => DESC
        )

    [query_vars] => Array
        (
            [post_type] => publication
            [posts_per_page] => 5
            [type] => 
            [area] => 
            [committee] => Probiotics
            [authors] => 
            [showtitle] => 
            [meta_query] => Array
                (
                    [relation] => AND
                )

            [tax_query] => Array
                (
                    [0] => Array
                        (
                            [taxonomy] => ilsi_committee
                            [field] => name
                            [terms] => Probiotics
                        )

                )

            [paged] => 1
            [meta_key] => _ilsi_date
            [orderby] => meta_value
            [order] => DESC
            [error] => 
            [m] => 
            [p] => 0
            [post_parent] => 
            [subpost] => 
            [subpost_id] => 
            [attachment] => 
            [attachment_id] => 0
            [name] => 
            [pagename] => 
            [page_id] => 0
            [second] => 
            [minute] => 
            [hour] => 
            [day] => 0
            [monthnum] => 0
            [year] => 0
            [w] => 0
            [category_name] => 
            [tag] => 
            [cat] => 
            [tag_id] => 
            [author] => 
            [author_name] => 
            [feed] => 
            [tb] => 
            [meta_value] => 
            [preview] => 
            [s] => 
            [sentence] => 
            [title] => 
            [fields] => all
            [menu_order] => 
             => 
            [category__in] => Array
                (
                )

            [category__not_in] => Array
                (
                )

            [category__and] => Array
                (
                )

            [post__in] => Array
                (
                )

            [post__not_in] => Array
                (
                )

            [post_name__in] => Array
                (
                )

            [tag__in] => Array
                (
                )

            [tag__not_in] => Array
                (
                )

            [tag__and] => Array
                (
                )

            [tag_slug__in] => Array
                (
                )

            [tag_slug__and] => Array
                (
                )

            [post_parent__in] => Array
                (
                )

            [post_parent__not_in] => Array
                (
                )

            [author__in] => Array
                (
                )

            [author__not_in] => Array
                (
                )

            [search_columns] => Array
                (
                )

            [ignore_sticky_posts] => 
            [suppress_filters] => 
            [cache_results] => 1
            [update_post_term_cache] => 1
            [update_menu_item_cache] => 
            [lazy_load_term_meta] => 1
            [update_post_meta_cache] => 1
            [nopaging] => 
            [comments_per_page] => 50
            [no_found_rows] => 
            [taxonomy] => ilsi_committee
            [term_id] => Probiotics
        )

    [tax_query] => WP_Tax_Query Object
        (
            [queries] => Array
                (
                    [0] => Array
                        (
                            [taxonomy] => ilsi_committee
                            [terms] => Array
                                (
                                    [0] => Probiotics
                                )

                            [field] => name
                            [operator] => IN
                            [include_children] => 1
                        )

                )

            [relation] => AND
            [table_aliases:protected] => Array
                (
                    [0] => wp_3_term_relationships
                )

            [queried_terms] => Array
                (
                    [ilsi_committee] => Array
                        (
                            [terms] => Array
                                (
                                    [0] => Probiotics
                                )

                            [field] => name
                        )

                )

            [primary_table] => wp_3_posts
            [primary_id_column] => ID
        )

    [meta_query] => WP_Meta_Query Object
        (
            [queries] => Array
                (
                    [0] => Array
                        (
                            [key] => _ilsi_date
                        )

                    [relation] => OR
                )

            [relation] => AND
            [meta_table] => wp_3_postmeta
            [meta_id_column] => post_id
            [primary_table] => wp_3_posts
            [primary_id_column] => ID
            [table_aliases:protected] => Array
                (
                    [0] => wp_3_postmeta
                )

            [clauses:protected] => Array
                (
                    [wp_3_postmeta] => Array
                        (
                            [key] => _ilsi_date
                            [compare] => =
                            [compare_key] => =
                            [alias] => wp_3_postmeta
                            [cast] => CHAR
                        )

                )

            [has_or_relation:protected] => 
        )

    [date_query] => 
    [request] => SELECT SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS  wp_3_posts.ID
					 FROM wp_3_posts  LEFT JOIN wp_3_term_relationships ON (wp_3_posts.ID = wp_3_term_relationships.object_id) INNER JOIN wp_3_postmeta ON ( wp_3_posts.ID = wp_3_postmeta.post_id )
					 WHERE 1=1  AND ( 
  wp_3_term_relationships.term_taxonomy_id IN (202)
) AND ( 
  wp_3_postmeta.meta_key = '_ilsi_date'
) AND ((wp_3_posts.post_type = 'publication' AND (wp_3_posts.post_status = 'publish' OR wp_3_posts.post_status = 'acf-disabled')))
					 GROUP BY wp_3_posts.ID
					 ORDER BY wp_3_postmeta.meta_value DESC
					 LIMIT 0, 5
    [posts] => Array
        (
            [0] => WP_Post Object
                (
                    [ID] => 15953
                    [post_author] => 351
                    [post_date] => 2025-06-03 12:39:08
                    [post_date_gmt] => 2025-06-03 12:39:08
                    [post_content] => 

			Abstract	
	
Pregnancy induces notable alterations in the gut, vaginal, and oral microbiota driven by hormonal,immune, metabolic, dietary, and environmental factors. During pregnancy, the gut microbiota ischaracterized by increased proportions of the genus Bifidobacterium and the phylaPseudomonadota (formerly Proteobacteria) and Actinomycetota (formerly Actinobacteria). Thesechanges occur alongside reduced alpha diversity and greater beta diversity, changes that influencematernal metabolism and fetal development. Shifts in gut and oral microbiota have been asso-ciated with complications such as preterm birth (PTB), pre-eclampsia, and gestational diabetes(GDM), though patterns are sometimes inconsistent. The vaginal microbiota remains Lactobacillus-dominant during pregnancy, with reduced diversity leading to reduced risk of pathogenic infectionand increased diversity has been linked with a higher risk of PTB. Hormonal changes also affect theoral microbiota, potentially increasing pathogenic species and contributing to adverse outcomeslike PTB. Probiotic supplementation during pregnancy has significant potential to reduce adversepregnancy outcomes; however, clinical studies are still limited. Probiotics may be effective inalleviating maternal constipation and lead to lower PTB risk, particularly by modulating the vaginalmicrobiota, but they have limited impact on GDM. In the context of maternal mental health, somestudies suggest benefits of probiotics in reducing anxiety, but effects on depression are incon-clusive. This perspective examines how pregnancy-related microbial shifts, both natural andprobiotic-induced, affect maternal and fetal health and highlights potential opportunities for theinnovative use of probiotics during the gestation period.

			One pager	
				
				
				
			
						Read the full paper
					
	
This work was commissionned by the Probiotics Task Force


                    [post_title] => ILSI Europe perspective review: site-specific microbiota changes during pregnancy associated with biological consequences and clinical outcomes: opportunities for probiotic interventions
                    [post_excerpt] => 
                    [post_status] => publish
                    [comment_status] => closed
                    [ping_status] => closed
                    [post_password] => 
                    [post_name] => ilsi-europe-perspective-review-site-specific-microbiota-changes-during-pregnancy-associated-with-biological-consequences-and-clinical-outcomes-opportunities-for-probiotic-interventions
                    [to_ping] => 
                    [pinged] => 
                    [post_modified] => 2025-11-03 13:26:11
                    [post_modified_gmt] => 2025-11-03 13:26:11
                    [post_content_filtered] => 
                    [post_parent] => 0
                    [guid] => https://ilsi.eu/?post_type=publication&p=15953
                    [menu_order] => 0
                    [post_type] => publication
                    [post_mime_type] => 
                    [comment_count] => 0
                    [filter] => raw
                )

            [1] => WP_Post Object
                (
                    [ID] => 13549
                    [post_author] => 351
                    [post_date] => 2023-09-08 08:55:39
                    [post_date_gmt] => 2023-09-08 08:55:39
                    [post_content] => 

	
Research on gut microbiota has generally focused on fecal samples, representing luminal content of the large intestine. However, nutrient uptake is restricted to the small intestine. Abundant immune cell populations at this anatomical site combined with diminished mucus secretion and looser junctions (partly to allow for more efficient fluid and nutrient absorption) also results in intimate host-microbe interactions despite more rapid transit. It is thus crucial to dissect key differences in both ecology and physiology between small and large intestine to better leverage the immense potential of human gut microbiota imprinting, including probiotic engraftment at biological sensible niches. Here, we provide a detailed review unfolding how the physiological and anatomical differences between the small and large intestine affect gut microbiota composition, function, and plasticity. This information is key to understanding how gut microbiota manipulation, including probiotic administration, may strain-dependently transform host-microbe interactions at defined locations.
This review focusses its narrative on the intimate relationship between the host and its bacterial constituents of the small and large intestine.
			
							Dowload the full paper 
					
	
or click on the images below to download the EG one-pager summary and graphical abstract
				
				
				
				
				
				
	
Commissioned by the Probiotics Task Force 


                    [post_title] => Small intestine vs. colon ecology and physiology: Why it matters in probiotic administration
                    [post_excerpt] => 
                    [post_status] => publish
                    [comment_status] => closed
                    [ping_status] => closed
                    [post_password] => 
                    [post_name] => small-intestine-vs-colon-ecology-and-physiology-why-it-matters-in-probiotic-administration
                    [to_ping] => 
                    [pinged] => 
                    [post_modified] => 2023-09-08 12:36:10
                    [post_modified_gmt] => 2023-09-08 12:36:10
                    [post_content_filtered] => 
                    [post_parent] => 0
                    [guid] => https://ilsi.eu/?post_type=publication&p=13549
                    [menu_order] => 0
                    [post_type] => publication
                    [post_mime_type] => 
                    [comment_count] => 0
                    [filter] => raw
                )

            [2] => WP_Post Object
                (
                    [ID] => 12002
                    [post_author] => 24
                    [post_date] => 2022-10-10 06:10:44
                    [post_date_gmt] => 2022-10-10 06:10:44
                    [post_content] => 

	
Humans often show variable responses to dietary, prebiotic, and probiotic interventions. Emerging evidence indicates that the gut microbiota is a key determinant for this population heterogeneity. Here, we provide an overview of some of the major computational and experimental tools being applied to critical questions of microbiota-mediated personalized nutrition and health. First, we discuss the latest advances in in silico modeling of the microbiota-nutrition-health axis, including the application of statistical, mechanistic, and hybrid artificial intelligence models. Second, we address high-throughput in vitro techniques for assessing inter-individual heterogeneity, from ex vivo batch culturing of stool and continuous culturing in anaerobic bioreactors, to more sophisticated organ-on-a-chip models that integrate both host and microbial compartments. Third, we explore in vivo approaches for better understanding personalized, microbiota-mediated responses to diet, prebiotics, and probiotics, from non-human animal models and human observational studies, to human feeding trials and crossover interventions. We highlight examples of existing, consumer-facing precision nutrition platforms that are currently leveraging the gut microbiota. Furthermore, we discuss how the integration of a broader set of the tools and techniques described in this piece can generate the data necessary to support a greater diversity of precision nutrition strategies. Finally, we present a vision of a precision nutrition and healthcare future, which leverages the gut microbiota to design effective, individual-specific interventions.
Download the full article here
or click on the image below to download the one-pager summary.
				
				
				
	
Commissioned by the Prebiotics and Probiotics Task Forces.


                    [post_title] => Perspective: Leveraging the Gut Microbiota to Predict Personalized Responses to Dietary, Prebiotic, and Probiotic Interventions
                    [post_excerpt] => 
                    [post_status] => publish
                    [comment_status] => closed
                    [ping_status] => closed
                    [post_password] => 
                    [post_name] => perspective-leveraging-the-gut-microbiota-to-predict-personalized-responses-to-dietary-prebiotic-and-probiotic-interventions
                    [to_ping] => 
                    [pinged] => 
                    [post_modified] => 2023-02-03 13:12:13
                    [post_modified_gmt] => 2023-02-03 13:12:13
                    [post_content_filtered] => 
                    [post_parent] => 0
                    [guid] => https://ilsi.eu/?post_type=publication&p=12002
                    [menu_order] => 0
                    [post_type] => publication
                    [post_mime_type] => 
                    [comment_count] => 0
                    [filter] => raw
                )

            [3] => WP_Post Object
                (
                    [ID] => 10626
                    [post_author] => 24
                    [post_date] => 2022-04-06 14:11:57
                    [post_date_gmt] => 2022-04-06 14:11:57
                    [post_content] => 

	
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6394212
The scientific understanding of prebiotic and probiotic mechanisms has grown substantially in recent years. Although effects are often strain and product specific, some prebiotic and probiotic benefits may be driven by common, shared mechanisms and may therefore be generalizable. The use of emerging physiological and analytical tools in a multidisciplinary research setting will enable the elucidation of further mechanisms. In this way, it will be possible to improve the understanding of prebiotic, probiotic and synbiotic health effects. Based on recent sound scientific evidence, the monograph is a valuable reference work, aimed at informing a wide audience about the intestinal microbiota and the prebiotic and probiotic nutritional concepts.

To download the English version, click here.
To download the Portuguese version, click here.
To download the French version, click here.
To download the Spanish version, click here.
To download the Slovak version, click here.
To download the Japanese version, click here.
To download the Chinese version, click here.

Click on the image below to download the one-pager summary.
				
				
				
	
Commissioned by the Prebiotics and Probiotics Task Forces.


                    [post_title] => Dietary Probiotics, Prebiotics and the Gut Microbiota in Human Health
                    [post_excerpt] => 
                    [post_status] => publish
                    [comment_status] => closed
                    [ping_status] => closed
                    [post_password] => 
                    [post_name] => dietary-probiotics-prebiotics-and-the-gut-microbiota-in-human-health
                    [to_ping] => 
                    [pinged] => 
                    [post_modified] => 2023-02-06 13:36:16
                    [post_modified_gmt] => 2023-02-06 13:36:16
                    [post_content_filtered] => 
                    [post_parent] => 0
                    [guid] => https://ilsi.eu/?post_type=publication&p=10626
                    [menu_order] => 0
                    [post_type] => publication
                    [post_mime_type] => 
                    [comment_count] => 0
                    [filter] => raw
                )

            [4] => WP_Post Object
                (
                    [ID] => 10456
                    [post_author] => 24
                    [post_date] => 2022-03-28 13:12:46
                    [post_date_gmt] => 2022-03-28 13:12:46
                    [post_content] => 

		
		Early Nutrition and Long-Term Health
		
	

		
		Nutrition and Brain Health
		
	

		
		Nutrition, Immunity and Inflammation
		
	

		
		Prebiotics
		
	

		
		
	





		
		Probiotics
		
	

		GUT MICROBIOME AND HEALTH and NUTRITION AND CONSUMER SCIENCE
	
	
The gut and brain link via various metabolic and signalling pathways, each with the potential to influence mental, brain and cognitive health. Over the past decade, the involvement of the gut microbiota in gut-brain communication has become the focus of increased scientific interest, establishing the microbiota-gut-brain axis as a field of research. There is a growing number of association studies exploring the gut microbiota's possible role in memory, learning, anxiety, stress, neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Consequently, attention is now turning to how the microbiota can become the target of nutritional and therapeutic strategies for improved brain health and well-being. However, while such strategies that target the gut microbiota to influence brain health and function are currently under development with varying levels of success, still very little is yet known about the triggers and mechanisms underlying the gut microbiota's apparent influence on cognitive or brain function and most evidence comes from pre-clinical studies rather than well controlled clinical trials/investigations. Filling the knowledge gaps requires establishing a standardised methodology for human studies, including strong guidance for specific focus areas of the microbiota-gut-brain axis, the need for more extensive biological sample analyses, and identification of relevant biomarkers. Other urgent requirements are new advanced models for in vitro and in vivo studies of relevant mechanisms, and a greater focus on omics technologies with supporting bioinformatics resources (training, tools) to efficiently translate study findings, as well as the identification of relevant targets in study populations. The key to building a validated evidence base rely on increasing knowledge sharing and multi-disciplinary collaborations, along with continued public-private funding support. This will allow microbiota-gut-brain axis research to move to its next phase so we can identify realistic opportunities to modulate the microbiota for better brain health.
	
To download this open-access article, please click here.
	
This work was conducted in collaboration with the Early Nutrition and Long-Term Health, Nutrition and Brain Health, Nutrition, Immunity and Inflammation, Prebiotics and Probiotics Task Forces.


                    [post_title] => The microbiota–gut–brain axis: pathways to better brain health. Perspectives on what we know, what we need to investigate and how to put knowledge into practice
                    [post_excerpt] => 
                    [post_status] => publish
                    [comment_status] => closed
                    [ping_status] => closed
                    [post_password] => 
                    [post_name] => the-microbiota-gut-brain-axis-pathways-to-better-brain-health-perspectives-on-what-we-know-what-we-need-to-investigate-and-how-to-put-knowledge-into-practice
                    [to_ping] => 
                    [pinged] => 
                    [post_modified] => 2022-10-10 06:51:51
                    [post_modified_gmt] => 2022-10-10 06:51:51
                    [post_content_filtered] => 
                    [post_parent] => 0
                    [guid] => https://ilsi.eu/?post_type=publication&p=10456
                    [menu_order] => 0
                    [post_type] => publication
                    [post_mime_type] => 
                    [comment_count] => 0
                    [filter] => raw
                )

        )

    [post_count] => 5
    [current_post] => -1
    [before_loop] => 
    [in_the_loop] => 
    [post] => WP_Post Object
        (
            [ID] => 15953
            [post_author] => 351
            [post_date] => 2025-06-03 12:39:08
            [post_date_gmt] => 2025-06-03 12:39:08
            [post_content] => 

			Abstract	
	
Pregnancy induces notable alterations in the gut, vaginal, and oral microbiota driven by hormonal,immune, metabolic, dietary, and environmental factors. During pregnancy, the gut microbiota ischaracterized by increased proportions of the genus Bifidobacterium and the phylaPseudomonadota (formerly Proteobacteria) and Actinomycetota (formerly Actinobacteria). Thesechanges occur alongside reduced alpha diversity and greater beta diversity, changes that influencematernal metabolism and fetal development. Shifts in gut and oral microbiota have been asso-ciated with complications such as preterm birth (PTB), pre-eclampsia, and gestational diabetes(GDM), though patterns are sometimes inconsistent. The vaginal microbiota remains Lactobacillus-dominant during pregnancy, with reduced diversity leading to reduced risk of pathogenic infectionand increased diversity has been linked with a higher risk of PTB. Hormonal changes also affect theoral microbiota, potentially increasing pathogenic species and contributing to adverse outcomeslike PTB. Probiotic supplementation during pregnancy has significant potential to reduce adversepregnancy outcomes; however, clinical studies are still limited. Probiotics may be effective inalleviating maternal constipation and lead to lower PTB risk, particularly by modulating the vaginalmicrobiota, but they have limited impact on GDM. In the context of maternal mental health, somestudies suggest benefits of probiotics in reducing anxiety, but effects on depression are incon-clusive. This perspective examines how pregnancy-related microbial shifts, both natural andprobiotic-induced, affect maternal and fetal health and highlights potential opportunities for theinnovative use of probiotics during the gestation period.

			One pager	
				
				
				
			
						Read the full paper
					
	
This work was commissionned by the Probiotics Task Force


            [post_title] => ILSI Europe perspective review: site-specific microbiota changes during pregnancy associated with biological consequences and clinical outcomes: opportunities for probiotic interventions
            [post_excerpt] => 
            [post_status] => publish
            [comment_status] => closed
            [ping_status] => closed
            [post_password] => 
            [post_name] => ilsi-europe-perspective-review-site-specific-microbiota-changes-during-pregnancy-associated-with-biological-consequences-and-clinical-outcomes-opportunities-for-probiotic-interventions
            [to_ping] => 
            [pinged] => 
            [post_modified] => 2025-11-03 13:26:11
            [post_modified_gmt] => 2025-11-03 13:26:11
            [post_content_filtered] => 
            [post_parent] => 0
            [guid] => https://ilsi.eu/?post_type=publication&p=15953
            [menu_order] => 0
            [post_type] => publication
            [post_mime_type] => 
            [comment_count] => 0
            [filter] => raw
        )

    [comment_count] => 0
    [current_comment] => -1
    [found_posts] => 12
    [max_num_pages] => 3
    [max_num_comment_pages] => 0
    [is_single] => 
    [is_preview] => 
    [is_page] => 
    [is_archive] => 1
    [is_date] => 
    [is_year] => 
    [is_month] => 
    [is_day] => 
    [is_time] => 
    [is_author] => 
    [is_category] => 
    [is_tag] => 
    [is_tax] => 1
    [is_search] => 
    [is_feed] => 
    [is_comment_feed] => 
    [is_trackback] => 
    [is_home] => 
    [is_privacy_policy] => 
    [is_404] => 
    [is_embed] => 
    [is_paged] => 
    [is_admin] => 
    [is_attachment] => 
    [is_singular] => 
    [is_robots] => 
    [is_favicon] => 
    [is_posts_page] => 
    [is_post_type_archive] => 
    [query_vars_hash:WP_Query:private] => 04de7990a26784df667b19352497a583
    [query_vars_changed:WP_Query:private] => 
    [thumbnails_cached] => 
    [allow_query_attachment_by_filename:protected] => 
    [stopwords:WP_Query:private] => 
    [compat_fields:WP_Query:private] => Array
        (
            [0] => query_vars_hash
            [1] => query_vars_changed
        )

    [compat_methods:WP_Query:private] => Array
        (
            [0] => init_query_flags
            [1] => parse_tax_query
        )

    [query_cache_key:WP_Query:private] => wp_query:c89359908e846c102e339994f097a6a2:0.46952800 17628707770.41678200 1762870777
)