The concept of adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) has been introduced and used in the fields of toxicology and risk assessment of chemicals with broad application potential, especially in the pharmaceutical and cosmetics sectors. On the contrary, their application in the food area remains largely unexplored and thus, an expert group of the International Life Sciences Institute Europe has recently explored the use of adverse outcome pathways in the safety evaluation of food additives. A key activity was the organization of a workshop, with key experts in the field from the regulatory, industrial and academic areas, that discussed the potentials and challenges related to the application of adverse outcome pathways in the food industry. The present paper describes the main outcome and recommendations from this workshop followed by a number of critical considerations and perspectives defined by the International Life Sciences Institute Europe expert group.
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